牛奶的中红外光谱相关变量遗传参数估计

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2019.05.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

旨在探究牛奶原始中红外光谱相关变量的遗传规律。本研究收集北京三元绿荷某牛场1 822头荷斯坦牛生产性能测定数据、中红外光谱数据和系谱数据，使用R语言（v3.51）、SAS（v9.2）、DMU（v6.0）等软件进行主成分分析和遗传参数估计，遗传参数估计使用的动物模型考虑了测定月份、胎次和泌乳天数的固定效应及个体加性遗传效应、永久环境效应的随机效应。结果表明，80%以上中红外光谱变量之间的相关系数达0.500~1.000，且3 574~3 521 cm^-1和3 630~3 618 cm^-1区域的变量变异程度较高。对中红外光谱的每个波数进行遗传参数估计，大部分波数的遗传力集中于0.010~0.030之间，处于中高遗传力的波数占比约为7%；随遗传力提高，吸光度增大、透射率降低，且变异系数降低。中红外光谱数据可用于探究牛奶成分的遗传规律，从遗传角度提高奶牛质量，为种牛选择提供参考。

Abstract:

This study aimed to investigate the genetic laws of the variables related to the original mid-infrared spectrometry (MIRS) of cow milk. DHI, mid-infrared spectral data and pedigree data were obtained from 1 822 Holstein dairy cows owned by farm of Beijing Sunlon Livestock Development Co., Ltd. Principal component analysis and genetic parameter estimation were performed using the R language (v3.51), SAS (v9.2) and DMU (v6.0), the animal model used for genetic parameter estimation taken into account the fixed effects including the testing months, parity and days in milk and random effects including additive genetic effect and permanent environmental effect. The results showed that the correlation coefficient among more than 80% of the wavenumbers of mid-infrared spectrometry ranged from 0.500 to 1.000, and the variation coefficients of the wavenumbers in region 3 574-3 521 cm^-1 and 3 630-3 618 cm^-1 were higher. The heritability of the most wavenumbers of MIRS data were mostly between 0.010 and 0.030, and the proportion of wavenumbers with medium and high heritabilities was about 7%. With the increase of heritability, the absorption increased, the transmittance and CV decreased. The genetic law of milk components can be better understood through the genetic analysis of the original MIRS data obtained from DHI samples, in order to improve the quality of milk and provide reference for cattle breeding.

中图分类号:

S823.91

娄文琦, 李想, 罗汉鹏, 刘林, 邹杨, 王雅春. 牛奶的中红外光谱相关变量遗传参数估计[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2019, 50(5): 947-956.

LOU Wenqi, LI Xiang, LUO Hanpeng, LIU Lin, ZOU Yang, WANG Yachun. Estimation of Genetic Parameters of Mid-infrared Spectrometry Related Variables in Cow Milk[J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2019, 50(5): 947-956.

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